Rosh Hashana, the head of the year
The holiday of Rosh Hashanah, "The New Year," takes place at the beginning of the Hebrew month of Tishrei. And it is known to us by this name only in the Mishnah, becoming a term that has been used for quite some time.
In the Torah, this holiday is called "Yom Teruah" (Day of the Blowing of the Shofar). And in the liturgy, Rosh Hashanah is also known by two additional names: "Yom Hazikaron" (Day of Remembrance) and "Yom Hadin" (Day of Judgment).
Of these five names, the term "Rosh Hashanah" became the most popular. But each of the other terms also expresses a special characteristic of this holiday.
The Torah names Yom Teruah and Zikaron Terua imply, according to tradition, the duty to blow the Shofar.
This instrument is intended to sound the alarm of the approaching solemn season, in order to awaken the Jewish people to prayer and repentance.
This sound serves as a reminder of the historic event that made Israel a people, whether on the occasion of the great event at Mount Sinai, or at the entrance of Israel, or even on occasions of the proclamation of the Jubilee Year. Throughout history, all these occasions were heralded by the sound of the Shofar.
As we know, nowhere in the Torah was it mentioned that the year begins at the beginning of the month of Tishrei, and it is very likely that the month of Tishrei was considered in the early biblical period as "the first month of the year", but the change in the hierarchy of Tishrei that should be considered as the seventh of the year, occurred only after the Exodus from Egypt, this point of view derives from the biblical references regarding the flood.
This event begins in the second month, which according to Rabbi Eliezer, was "Mar Cheshvan", the month following Tishrei.
On the other hand, if Mar Cheshvan was also called "Bul" (flood) in ancient times, which is defined in the Book of Kings as the eighth month, it is obvious that changes occurred in the numerical order of the months. Furthermore, there are two passages in the Tanakh, in the books of Ezra and Melachim (Kings), that refer to the first day of the seventh month as a festival, a holy day.
Many other references in Jewish literature, both earlier and later, also prove that the month of Tishrei is the seventh month and that Rosh Hashana, the New Year, begins on the first of this month.
Commenting on the statement of the same Mishnah, he says that the first of Tishrei begins the calendar year. Rabbi Nachman B. Isaac says: This refers to the annual Divine Judgment, as it is written: "The eyes of the Creator, your God, are always upon her, from the beginning of the year to the end of the year" (Deuteronomy 11:12)
In other words, from the beginning of the year the verdict is dictated on what will happen until the end of the year.How do we know that this happens in the month of Tishrei?
Because it is written in "Knock trumpet on the new moon "on the hidden date" on the day of our feast" what is the feast on which we sound the Shofar and the moon is covered? Surely it is none other than the New Year, because it is the only celebration that takes place at the beginning of the month, when the moon is not yet visible, as it "hides."
The Breslev Garden recommends: